人类学、文化批评与欧洲启蒙运动

Anthropology,Cultural Critique and the European Enlightenment Movement

人类学与欧洲启蒙运动之间的关系非常密切,几乎所有学科史作者都认为,人类学直接产生于启蒙运动。通过对卢梭、孟德斯鸠及伏尔泰代表作品的分析,我们可以发现,非西方文化作为一种文化批评的有效手段,在启蒙运动中启发了人们对自身文化的反思,帮助本文化走出混沌,走向理性的光明。

The relationship between anthropology and the enlightenment movement is so closed that almost every writer of the history of discipline does agree that anthropology was born from the enlightenment movement.This essay attempts to discuss the affection that the enlightenment movement was influenced by anthropology on an opposite way,figuring out and analyzing of the celebrated works of the age of enlightenment,and to reveal the practical value of alien culture as participating in the process of "culture criti...