雅长兰科植物自然保护区气候垂直分布特征

Characteristics of Climate Vertical Distribution in Yachang Orchids Nature Reserve

在广西雅长兰科植物自然保护区内,按兰科植物的垂直分布状况设置3个气象观测站,对主要的气象要素进行连续8a的定位对比观测,以探讨兰科植物分布与气象因子的关系。结果表明:该区年平均日照时数为1333.7～1698.7h,随海拔的升高呈现高-低-高的分布格局。年平均气温为16.8～20.4℃,直减率为0.55～0.62℃.hm-1。日平均气温稳定通过10℃活动积温为4959.5～6787.0℃.a-1,直减率为264.0～368.6℃.hm-1。年地面平均温度为20.1～24.2℃,直减率为0.57～0.86℃.hm-1。年平均降雨量为940.8～1216.9mm,随海拔的升高呈现低-高-低的变化规律。年平均蒸发量为1089.8～1685.5mm,其直减率为83.8～124.1mm.hm-1。年平均相对湿度为79%～83%,随海拔的升高而递增。年平均风速为1.2～1.8m.s-1,随海拔的升高而递减。自然保护区与相似海拔的乐业县气象站相比较,日照时数和稳定通过10℃的活动积温偏高,气温年较差、地面温度、降雨量、蒸发量、相对湿度和风速偏小。并根据该区兰花植物的垂直分布频度,分别与气象因子进行相关分析。

In Yachang Orchids Nature Reserve of Guangxi,according to the vertical distribution,three meteorological observatories were set,the main elements of weather in those observatories were also recorded for eight consecutive years to explore the relationship between the orchids distribution and the meteorological factors.The results showed that the annual average sunshine hours was 1 333.7~1 698.7 h,showing high-low-high patterns with the increase of elevation.The annual average temperature was 16.8~20.4℃ with ...