大鼠急性脑干损伤神经细胞凋亡和轴突的变化

An experimental study on the neuron apoptosis and the axon changes of an acute brainstem injury

目的研究急性脑干损伤早期的病理变化,探讨其在急性脑干损伤中的法医学意义。方法采用自由落体造成大鼠急性脑干损伤模型,HE染色常规观察各部位脑组织的显微形态改变之后,用TUNEL末端标记检测神经细胞凋亡,用LSAB染色显示神经丝蛋白(NF)。结果实验动物模型能够较好的模拟法医案例;脑干损伤的大鼠脑组织淤血、水肿、环状出血,脑皮质内神经凋亡细胞数目明显增多(P<0.01);脑干部位神经轴突排列紊乱、肿胀、断裂。结论上述多种病理变化对急性脑干损伤的死后诊断具有一定的意义。

Objective To study pathological changes of acute brainstem injury and evaluate their significance in forensic postmortem diagnosis of brainstem injury. Method To establish an acute brainstem injury model by using a gravitational force of a free falling weight. 50 rats were divided into two groups, an experimental group (35 rats) and a normal control group (15 rats): Neuron apoptosis and neurofilament (NF) of the brain stem were observed by HE, TUNEL and LSAB methods respectively. Results The brainstem injury model was mimic with that occurred in the forensic pathological practice. HE stain showed congestion, edema, loosening of the blood vascular wall as well as the circle hemorrhage of the brain stem and other part of the brain tissues. TUNEL method showed that the neuron apoptosis increased significantly in the cerebral cortex (P<0.01) of the injured rats as compared with those in the normal control group. Irregular swelling and disconnecting axons were found in brainstem of the injured rats as demonstrated by the LSAB method. Conclusion These microscopic and immunohistochemical changes of the brainstem and brain tissues in other part can be used for the postmortem diagnosis of brainstem injury.