草原与荒漠交界地区流沙的固定——以沙坡头铁路防护体系旱路固沙为例

Shifting Sand Stabilization in the Desert-pasture Transition Zone -A Case Study in Shapotou Railway Protection System

在年降水量 2 0 0～ 30 0mm左右的草原与荒漠交界地区 ,无灌溉条件下的流沙固定不仅是可能的 ,亦是非常成功的。以包兰铁路沙坡头铁路人工植被的建立为例 ,年平均降水量仅 186 2mm ,在扎设草方格辅助措施下 ,栽植固沙植物 ,成功地从根本上解决了流沙固定问题。油蒿是特别优良的固沙植物 ,天然更新能力强 ,并能形成群落 ,又能稳定相当长时期。

Practice in China has proved that the stabilization of shifting sand under no irrigation in the desert pasture transition zone with 200～300 mm precipitation is not only possible but also successful. In Shapotou, situated at the southeastern Tengger Desert, there is only 186.2 mm annual average precipitation. The shifting sand dunes along the Baotou-Lanzhou Railway in Shapotou section have been successfully stabilized by planting sand fixing vegetation in checkerboards. Artemisia odosica , with the most strong re generation ability and easily to become community so that to stabilize sand dune longer, is the most advantageous sand fixing plant, which ought to be the preferential specie in shifting dune s stabilization of this area.