某部队军事训练伤流行病学调查

Epidemiological survey of injuries in military training

目的 :探讨某部队战士军事训练伤发病特点和规律 ,分析致伤因素 ,提出合理易行的预防措施。方法 :采用流行病学抽样调查方法 ,于 2 0 0 1年 6月对某部队若干名陆、海、空战士进行军事训练伤调查。结果 :训练伤累计总体发生率为2 9 72 % ,其中骨关节损伤占 4 1 2 6 % ,软组织损伤 16 78% ,下腰部损伤 2 1 6 5 % ,炎症 2 0 31% ,混合发病 12 6 9%。陆军发病率明显高于海军和空军 (P <0 0 1)。 5km越野跑及 4 0 0m障碍训练是主要致伤科目 ;发病高峰在新兵开训后 90d内 ;训练场地、训练方法及受训者心理、生理状况与发病密切相关 ;不同病种与训练科目、开训时间及兵龄等因素有关。结论 :该部队训练伤总体发生率与其他部队无明显差异。加强对训练场地和器材的维护管理、科学合理地安排训练、重视训练个体化、强化基层医务人员和军事主官对训练伤防护知识的宣教工作 。

Objective: To investigate the character and regularity of injuries in military training and to analyze the causes, raise the reasonable and easy doing preventive measures. Methods: In June 2001, some PLA servicemen in the Army, Navy and Air Force were surveyed by means of the epidemiological sampling. Results: The total rate of training injuries was 29.72%. Among all the injuries, the rate of bone joint injury was 41.26%, soft tissue injury was 16.78%, lower waist injury was 21.65% , inflammation was 20.31%, combining incidence was 12.69% . The incidence rate in the Army was significantly higher than that of the Navy and Air Force ( P <0.01). The 5 000 meter running and 400 meter obstacle race were the main cause of these injuries; the peak incidence of injuries was within the first 90 days in the recruiting training; the training ground, training means and the psychological and physical condition of servicemen were closely associated with the injuries. Different injuries were associated with the different training subjects, different time of training and the years of their services. Conclusion: There is no obvious difference in the total rate of training injuries between the PLA forces in these units and those in land troops. Strengthening the maintenance of training ground and equipment, scientific and reasonable training arrangement, individualized training and the education of injuries for military surgeons and officers can decrease the incidence efficiently.