女鸟故事的民俗文化渊源

The Folklore Origin of the Story of Female Birds

作为世界上最早的“天鹅处女”型故事，女鸟故事深深地植根于中 国文化土壤。它的高■祠祀、水次祓除、求雨雩祭及招魂、巫蛊等一系列礼 俗文化背景中，经过长期的综合与积淀，终于由隐而显。女鸟形象是从女巫经 由简翟（以及姜■）逐渐演化而来的。她美丽而恐怖，多情而散漫，既是一 种信仰对象，也是一个奇丽的文学形象，因而从她身上还可获得对相关民俗事 象与小说题材的读解。

As the earliest example of Swan Maiden Type in the world, the story of Female Birds is deeply rooted in the soil of Chinese culture. The image of Female Birds has evolved gradually from a sorceress to Jian Di (and to Jiang Yuan). She is as beautiful as terrible, as sentimental as care-free, both an object of worship and a wonderful literary image. From her, one may have an understanding of correlative folklore facts and fictive themes.