文字学视野中的部件教学

Component Parts of Chinese Characters in the Teaching of Philology

本文从文字学的角度对汉字部件教学的有关问题展开讨论。 (1 )汉字教学的部件界定。根据汉字主要使用意符和音符的事实 ,为易于识记整字音义 ,汉字教学所用部件应界定在字符这一层次。 (2 )为解决教学中应该给学生什么部件的问题 ,必须对汉字字符分工进行考察。由于字符确实存在分工 ,意符与音符的来源不同 ,因此 ,在进行汉字教学时 ,应给予音符与意符以同等重视。 (3)进行部件教学的方法。先教部件还是先教整字 ?由于充当意符的字比较常用 ,故可先行给出。声旁字则需分别对待 :与形声字同音且常用程度高的声旁字可先行讲授 ;与形声字不同音或常用程度不如形声字的声旁字 ,则应采用由整字到部件的做法。

This paper re examines existing concepts and ideas on the importance of component parts of Chinese characters in the teaching of philology. It argues that the respective symbols providing meaning and sound should represent the basis for instruction as they represent the core of Chinese characters. Based on observation and analysis of the differing roles of symbols for meaning and sound, it proposes that equal stress be laid on their teaching and further provides methods to enable the student to acquire an ...