中国的地理基础教育问题研究——兼论我国中学地理课程标准的目标与内容结构

The study on geography of elementary education in China ──Includes goals and content-structure of the geographical curriculum standard for middle school in China

本文从中国地理基础教育改革的视角 ,通过对地理学发展新趋势、社会需求变化和学生心理发展的分析 ,阐述了地理基础教育的价值和地理基础教育改革的必要性。结合中外地理教育在实现方式与过程、课程评价以及情感态度培养等方面的比较研究 ,提出了我国新中学地理课程标准研制的理念与目标、地理基础教育的结构设计以及实施地理基础教育改革的关键环节。

A new geographical curriculum standard will be introduced for middle school across China to replace the current general outline of geographical education and will instruct geographical education in middle school in the coming 20 years. The project, 'Establishment of Geographical Curriculum Standard for Middle School', sponsored by the Ministry of Education,aims at constituting a scientific and reasonable curriculum standard for middle school. This paper discusses the importance and necessity of geographical education through analyzing the trend of geographical development,the social requirement to geographical education,the relations between psychological development of students and elementary education of geography.In addition,comparison between the elementary geographical education in China and that in other countries,such as the United States, France, Britain, Germany etc.is also made.It is different from China that the elementary geographical education in foreign countries seldom use the subject-system as the contentsystem but pay more attention to social events and students' life and consider students' in terests and development of individuality, cultivate geographical methods, abilities and thoughts and advocate explorative study. Finally,on the basis of illustrating the guidelines, goals and content-structure of the curriculum standard of geographical education in China,some important strategies are put forward.