西方“个性主义”的合理因素与当代中国价值精神的重构

The Reasonable factors of Western "Individualism" and Reconstruction of Contemporary Chinese Value Spirit

我国在建设社会主义市场经济价值系统的过程中 ,可以借鉴和扬弃西方“个性主义”的普遍人类价值因素。在社会层面 ,借鉴吸收卢梭关于“自由个人构成合理共同体”的思想 ,克服旧价值观“整体主义”泯灭个性自由的痼疾 ;在政治层面 ,借鉴吸取洛克“社会契约论”的民主法制精神 ,消解旧价值观以“权威主义”剥夺个人主体地位的顽症 ;在伦理层面 ,借鉴吸收康德“绝对命令说”的道德精髓 ,清除旧价值观以“私德至上”否绝个人正当利益的弊端。目前 ,我们应当看到“个性主义”因其阶级性时代性所限 ,有可能导致个人主体性的异化 ,滑向极端利己主义 ,对此 ,只能以马克思关于“个人与社会统一为本位”的“人类解放”价值观对其补偏纠弊。

During the process of constructing socialist market economic value system in our country,we must use for reference and sublate universal human value factors of Western 'Individualism'.On the social level,we should introduce Ruseau's thought of 'free individuals compose reasonable communities' to get rid of 'the extreme wholism'.On the political level,we should adopt Locke's 'Social Contract'to criticize traditional 'Authoritarianism'.On the ethical level, we should resort to Kant's moral elite of 'absolute command' to reject traditional moral 'utilitarianism stressing private morality'.Meanwhile,we ought to perceive the limitations of 'Individualism' because of its class and times, which might lead to alienation of individual object character,or slide to extreme egoism.For this,we have to correct it using Marx's view of value about 'individual and society unity' and 'Human liberation'.