地基微波辐射计的雨天探测

MICROWAVE RADIOMETRIC MEASUREMENT IN THE RAINY ATMOSPHERE

该文讨论了地基微波辐射计在雨天探测遇到的问题及可能的解决途径 .介绍了对天线着水层做的仪器订正 ,给出了用一维雨天大气辐射传输模式模拟得到的反演水汽总量Q和云液水总量L的方法 ,并给出雨天观测资料的统计分析实例 .结果表明 ,在雨强小于2 0mm/h范围内 ,都有可能由地基辐射计测值定量得到Q和L :雨天探测遇到的技术问题正在逐步解决 ;目前我们已能在统计意义上测量天气过程的降水效率等参量。

The difficulties encountered in a ground-based dual-wavelength microwave radiometer (GBDWMR) operation in the rainy atmosphere are discussed and some solutions to them are shown. A correction scheme of the radiation effect from the water-skin antenna system and a method for retrieving precipitable water vapor (Q) and path-integrated cloud liquid water content (L) are introduced. From the radiometric measurements in the rainy atmosphere (RMT-R-measurements), the simulation by a 1D microwave radiation transfer model for the rainy atmosphere is demonstrated. A statistical application example of RMT-R-measurements is presented. The results indicate that when rain rate R is less than 20 mm/h, there always exist possibilities obtaining Q and L from RMT-R-measurements. In the sense of statistics, we can obtain some parameters, such as precipitation effectiveness and potentiality, by using GBWMR. The difficulties are being overcome along with the progress of technology, and GBWMR will play more and more important part in the field of weather modification.