青海黄河沿岸农田土壤盐渍化成因及改良途径

Causes and improving methods of soil salinization for farmland along Yellow River Valley in Qinghai

青海省黄河上游沿岸农田的 土壤盐渍化，已成为该区农业发展的严重限制因素．研究主要选择了盐渍化严重的黄河上游 龙羊峡库区的农田．该区农田土壤为氯化物－硫酸盐盐土；土壤剖面盐分分布为两种类型，即 盐分表面聚集型和通体含盐型．土壤盐渍化成因主要有气候、灌溉水矿化度、土壤母质、灌溉制度和地形．当地土壤盐渍化的解决途径主要是生物措施，相应地配合水利与造林等工程 措施．

In Qinghai Province, the problem of soil salinization for farm land in the upper reaches of Yellow River valley has become a great limited fact or for the development of agricultural economic. The study area was the catchment of Nongyangxia in the upper reaches of Yellow River. The results showed that the main soil kind of the area is chloride-sulfate solonchak. There are two kinds of salt distribution in the soil profile: with salt accumulated on surface, and even distribution. The causes of soil salinization for farmland included climatic conditions, degree of mineralization of irrigation water, soil parent material, irrigation system and topography. The major improving measurements for soil sanilization of farmland should be biological methods in this area, combined with hydrological and afforest engineering.