盐渍土区域水分调控与综合治理研究进展

Controls of Salt and Water in Saline Soil and its Comprehensive Utilization

通过查阅大量的文献资料，归纳总结了目前世界上盐渍土区域水盐调控与综合治理研究动态与进展情况，在水化学调控措施中介绍了阳离子多糖、瓜耳胶衍生物及负电聚丙烯酰胺等化学改良物质的应用与效果.总结发现，农业措施在水盐调 控中占有重要地位，其中生物措施越来越受到各国的重视，耐盐碱植物的应用拓宽了盐渍土 资源利用的途径和范围，有机地结合了水盐调控与开发；文中还回顾了我国盐渍土水盐调控 与治理的历史与进展，目前已进入了综合开发与治理的新时期，且取得了大面积的成功.水盐动态的预测预报技术也解决了由点到面的问题.总体显示出世界上“利用改良”的思路已 逐步成熟，并不断被各国所接受.

The trends and developments of water and salt control in saline soil throughout the world were summarized in present article. Utilization situation and effects of chemical materials, including cation-polysaccharides and negative charge polypropyamides in the control of water movement were introduced. Agriculture measurements had become impor- tant for the control of water and salts in soils, and the using of the bio-measurements to control the movement of water and salts had been stressed by many countries. The utilization of salt-resistant plants made the exploitation of saline soil widely. It combined the utilization with control. Now the control of water and salt movement had reached the period of comprehensive utilization in China, and the models built up in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain. Moreover, methods had been de- veloped to forecast the trends in water and salt movement in soils not just at points, but also over wide areas. Meanwhile, more and more people had received the idea that saline soils could be improved by using.