马来亚的独立与英国殖民撤退的策略

Malaysian Independence and Britain's Policy of Colonial Withdrawl

英国从其广大的殖民地撤退是一个漫长的历史进程。这一进程既是殖民地民族民主运动的本质性结果，也带有宗主国适时“非殖民化”的色彩，但二者所处地位不同。前者作为主导因素，决定了事件的性质，其强烈程度决定了后者的进程；而后者只是一种策略，是不得已而为之的隐蔽的殖民统治手腕。这一点在一些殖民地都有所表现，而在马来亚则表现得较为典型。在马来亚民族解放运动日益高涨之时，伦敦方面先是拖延、推迟马来亚的独立，后是培育倾向于英国的当地政府和领导人，以便有效地储蓄其自身的巨大利益。

There was a long historical process of Britain＇s colonial withdrawl.This process was the fundamental result of colonial democratic movement and has some characteristics of 'non-colonization'.But the positions of these two factors were different,the former was the key factor which dominated the process of the latter,the latter was one kind of policy or a hidden colonial trick,which were manifested in some colonies,particular in Malaya.On the eve of the rising of Malayan national independence,Britain took a series of colonial tricks to keep its own great benefit first delaying and deferring Malayan independence,then cultivating local govemment and its leaders who should have good feeling towards Britain.