历史转折的前奏——邓小平与一九七五年整顿平议

The Prelude of the Historical Turn

在文化大革命十年内乱中 ,一九七五年整顿闪耀着特殊的光辉。本文简要评述了一九七五年整顿的历史背景、指导思想、发展过程和显著成效 ,分析了整顿在短期内取得显著成效和突然中断的原因 ,对一九七五年整顿作出了历史评价 :邓小平主持的一九七五年整顿贯彻落实并发展了文化大革命后期毛泽东三项重要指示所体现的正确思想和决策 ,是对文化大革命拨乱反正的开始 ,是改革开放的实验 ,是邓小平理论的起点。它上承中共“八大”路线和文化大革命前十年的正确发展趋向 ,是 60年代前期调整、1972年周恩来主持的整顿的继续和发展 ;它下启十一届三中全会以后改革开放新时期 ,是对建设有中国特色社会主义道路的初步探索 ,给当代中国的历史进程起了开辟航道的作用 。

In Great Cultural Revolution, the Consolidation led by Deng Xiaoping, in 1975 was significant. The paper reviews briefly the historical background, the guidelines, process and effects of that Consolidation, analyzes the causes of its effects in short time and of sudden stop. The authors believe that the Consolidation, led by Deng, who presided the Consolidation, carried out correct thought and decision manifested in Three Instructs of Mao in his late years, is the start point of Deng Xiaoping's theory, and an experiment of opening up. The Consolidation inherited the Guidelines of the 8th Meeting of CPC and of pre Cultural Revolution period, developed the Readjust Policy in 60s and Zhou Enlai's Rectification in 1972, and connected new era of reform and opening up. It is a preliminary trial of construction of socialism with Chinese features, becomes a great prelude of the Second Great Historical Turn in China.