中学生解决物理问题表征层次的实验研究

The Experimental Researches on the Physical Problem Solved by Students at Secondary School

本文设计了两个实验 ,探讨在中学教学中优、差生解决物理问题的特点 .结果表明 :优、差生在解决物理问题的表征层次上存在差异 .优生侧重于科学理论表征 ,表现为以物理原理分类 ,在科学理论表征层次上聚合思维和发散思维相互依存 ,相互渗透 ;而差生则受初始表征的影响 ,以表面特征分类 ,在科学理论层次上聚合思维和发散思维相互独立 ,相互脱离 。

This article studied how the students with good or bad schoolwork resolved the physical problem.The results showed that they represented physical problem at different levels.The students with good schoolwork tended to represented problem at science theory level,at which level converging thinking and emanative thinking depended each other.But the student with bad schoolwork represented problem,which was affected by the initial representation,at science theory level,converging thinking and emanative thinking were independent each other,so it was difficult for them to resolved the problem.