自适应地下滴灌灌水器的设计开发

Design of Self-adaptive Emitter of Subsurface Drip Irrigation

针对最为节水、高效用水的地下滴灌技术,主要分析了目前地下灌水器产品的结构、使用特点和功能,并运用土-水系统中土壤水分理论知识,提出并设计了一种非电子控制的地下滴灌灌水器产品。该产品以土壤负压为控制动力,以土壤水分为控制条件,当灌水器附近土壤发生干湿变化时,土壤表现出不同大小的负压,并作用于灌水器内部的弹性膜囊,使之发生变形,从而改变灌水器内部流道的通断,使灌水器的出流状况始终与土壤含水量自动相适应,具有出流量自调节的功能。

Aiming at the subsurface drip irrigation technology,which is the most water-saving and the highest efficient water-using irrigation technology,the structure,use characteristic and functions of current subsurface emitter are analyzed in this paper.And using the soil water theory in soil-water system,a type of non-electronic controlled subsurface emitter is designed.This product takes the soil negative pressure as control power,the soil moisture as control condition.When the soil moisture around the emitter changes,the soil will show different negative pressure,which affects and deforms the elastic membrane in the inner of emitter to change the open or close condition of its interior flow passage.So the flow condition of the emitter can automatically adapted to the soil moisture and the emitter has the function of self-adjusting flow capacity.