黄土高原地区重点流域生态环境需水量研究

Analysis on Water Consumption for Eco-environmental System of Key Watersheds in Loess Plateau

从生态环境需水量的狭义定义出发,以实现生态环境良性发展为目标,分析了黄土高原地区生态环境需水量的组成,系统计算其重点流域河道内、外生态需水量。结果表明:黄土高原地区重点流域生态环境需水总量约为96.26×108m3,且大部分重点流域水资源开发已超过了各流域地表水资源的极限。各流域年平均径流量近年来不断减少,生态环境需水量将不断增加,应引起决策者的高度重视。

The Loess Plateau is one of the most serious serious regions of soil and water erosion in China.The trend of being more and more dry more dry and warm makes water shortage much severer in this area in the future.Therefore,studying the ecological environment water demand is of great significance to the rational allocation of the water resources and the comprehensive improvement of eco-environment.The paper,starting from the definition of eco-environmental water demand and taking the sustainable development of ecological environment as the glal,identified the major composition of ecological environment water demand and systematically calculated eco-environmental water demand the interior and the exterior of river way within the key water sheds.The result revealed the total total quantity of eco-environmental water demand of key watersheds in Loess Plateau is 96.26×108 m3,exploitation of water resources in most watersheds had exceeded the limit of their surface water: and that runoff in every watersheds has become less and less,whereas eco-environmental demand are being increased,which should paid increased attention.