清代江西宾兴组织探析

A Research on Binxing Organizations of Jiangxi Province in the Qing Dynasty

清嘉庆、道光时期,各地兴起了资助士子参加科举考试的组织,即通称的"宾兴组织"。江西宾兴组织颇为发达,其资产的来源一般有官拨产业、士绅捐资、商人捐资、大众派捐等形式。但宾兴资产多用于增殖,即以生息银钱资助士子,其方式主要有置产收租、发典生息两种。地方士绅在宾兴组织的设立和管理中起着主导作用。宾兴组织的涌现从一个侧面展示了中国传统社会晚期社会结构和社会控制方式出现的某些变化。

During the period of Jiaqing and Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty,many social organizations were founded which helped students with their imperial examinations,especially in Jiangxi province,in general,they were called Binxing organizations. Binxing property was consisted of governmental appropriation,the gentry s donations,apportioning money,and so on.Binxing property were invested in many fields,there were two main investing ways,one was collecting land s rents,the other was property s growing.The local gentr...