中国如何构建老年健康保障体系

How to Build a Health Insurance System for the Elderly in China?

中国老龄化是在经济尚不发达的情况下提前到来,并将经历加速上升和高速增长的阶段。目前老年人享有的医疗保险程度有限,人口流动和家庭规模缩小也使得家庭功能弱化,卫生资源配置不合理,基层卫生资源严重不足,社会性老年健康照顾机构匮乏。因此,中国应该借鉴国际经验构建老年健康保障体系,即构建广覆盖、多层次的老年健康筹资体系和多方参与、可负担的老年健康服务组织体系。在筹资模式上适度加大对老年医疗的补助,同时通过一定的制度安排强化个人投资于老年健康保障;在组织模式上以政府举办的社区医疗机构为主体,提供预防保健和老年医疗服务,同时充分发挥家庭、社会在健康照顾方面的作用,建立起在老年医疗健康方面政府、社会和家庭的合作伙伴关系。老年健康保障体系的目标是为全体老年人提供基本的健康服务和经济保障,尽最大可能延缓老年疾病的发生。

Population aging in China came early before the nation became economically well-developed.In the next three decades,the problem will grow at an accelerated high speed,and the medical burden of the elderly will increase significantly.In the situation of imperfect social security system and changing family structure,the health care of the elderly will be a heavy burden on families and communities.In coping with this great challenge,it is imperative for the government to learn from the international experience...