日光蜂的发生及其对苹果绵蚜的控制作用

Occurrence of Aphelinus Mali and its control function on Eriosoma lanigerum

日光蜂在田间全年平均寄生率为15.3%,高峰期出现在8月中旬~10月下旬,寄生率可高达41.5%.试验表明,在不施药情况下,日光蜂可以有效控制苹果绵蚜种群消长,效果明显.日光蜂对苹果绵蚜的功能反应符合HollingⅡ模型,其数学模型为:Na=0.1246No/(1+0.1246×0.0127No).日光蜂寄生苹果绵蚜的数量随苹果绵蚜密度的增加而增加,但日光蜂寻找效应随苹果绵蚜密度的增加而降低,其数学模型为:E=0.1246/(1+0.1246×0.0127No).日光蜂的最大寄生量和最佳寻找密度分别为50.40头和194.46头.日光蜂寻找效应随其自身密度的增加而降低,其数学模型为:E=0.1698P-1.0639.不同温度条件下日光蜂对苹果绵蚜的寄生量有差异,在22℃时寄生量最高.因此,日光蜂的保护与利用,在苹果绵蚜的防治中尤其重要.

There is one parasitism peak of A.mali during a year,which is from middle of August to late October,its parasitism was higher reached to 41.5%.The average percentage of parasitism was 15.3% in all year.Functional response and searching efficiency of the Aphelinus mail were determined in the laboratory.The result showed that the functional response was belong to Holling, s type Ⅱ;the mathematical model of functional response was Na=0.124 6No/(1+0.1246×0.012 7No);the daily maximum numbers of parasitize and th...