儿童梅尼埃病

Meniere’s disease in children

目的梅尼埃病一般认为主要以中年人发病为主,在儿童(≤15岁)中发病率均较低。本文关注儿童梅尼埃病的发病情况,研究儿童梅尼埃病的临床特征。方法观察眩晕诊疗中心2004年1月至2007年7月,共计586例梅尼埃病患者中儿童(≤15岁)梅尼埃病的发病情况,对这些患者进行纯音测听、耳蜗电图、冷热试验及前庭诱发的肌源性电位检查。结果本组梅尼埃病发病最早为3岁。儿童期首发的梅尼埃病占全部梅尼埃病患者的1.71%(10/586)。4例首发为典型梅尼埃病症状(耳蜗症状和前庭症状均具备),占40%(4/10);以耳蜗症状首发的占30%(3/10);以旋转性眩晕或倾倒感为首发者分别占20%(2/10)及10%(1/10)。儿童梅尼埃病听力图有两种类型——低频下降型和平坦型:以低频听力下降为主,共7例占70%(7/10);3例为平坦型曲线,占30%(3/10)。前庭功能检查结果正常或异常与病程无关。耳蜗电图的阳性率较高,达50%(5/10)。首发为倾倒感的患者,前庭诱发的肌源性电位检查异常。头痛和运动病是儿童梅尼埃病的一个常见主诉。结论儿童梅尼埃病的主要首发症状依次为典型梅尼埃病表现、耳蜗症状、单纯的眩晕或倾倒感。听力图多为低频下降型。耳蜗电图的检查阳性率较高。前庭功能检查结果呈多样性。

Objective To characterize the relatively rare Meniere’s disease(MD) in children under 15 years of age.Methods Cases of MD in children seen at the Dizziness Center between January 2004 and July 2007 were reviewed for their clinical manifestations,electrocochleography(ECochG),vestibular evoked myogenic potential(VEMP),caloric test and pure tone audiometric results.Results The youngest child in this group was 3 years old.The prevalence of MD in this group of children was 1.71%(10/586).Initial symptoms included...