1Tanner MA,Ward D. Percutaneous technique for the reduction of knotted coronary catheters. Heart ,2003,89 : 1132-1133.
2Khoubyari R, Arsanjani R, Habibzadeh MR, et al. Successful removal of an entrapped and kinked catheter during right transradial cardiac catheterization hy snaring and unwinding the catheter via femoral access. Cardiovasc Revasc Med,2012,202: e1 -e3.
4Sho E, Nanjo H, Sho M, et al. Arterial enlargement, tortuosity. and intimal thickening in response to sequential exposure to high and low wall shear stressEJ3[J]. J Vase Surg,2004,39(3) :601- 612.
5Groves S S,JainAC, Warden B E,et al. Severe coronary tortu- osity and the relationship to significant coronary artery disease [J].W V Med J,2009,105(4):14--17.
6Jakob M, Spasojevic D,Krogmann O N, et al. Tortuosity of coro- nary arteries in chronic pressure and volume overload[J]. Cathet Cardiovase Diagn, 1996,38 (1) : 25-- 31.