杭州市诺如病毒肠炎暴发疫情分析

Epidemiological Analysis of Norovirus Enteritis Outbreaks in Hangzhou City

目的分析杭州市诺如病毒肠炎暴发疫情流行特征。方法采用荧光PCR检测诺如病毒核酸,应用现场流行病学调查方法分析诺如病毒肠炎暴发疫情。结果2006年12月至2007年4月,杭州市共报告4起诺如病毒肠炎暴发疫情,发病85例,总罹患率7.38%,4起暴发疫情分布在医院、福利院、中学、小学,发病者主要为伴有基础病变的老年患者和低龄学生;主要临床症状以腹泻、呕吐、腹痛、发热为主,呕吐比例较高,大部分病例病程较短(1~3 d)。12份送检样本经荧光PCR法检出诺如病毒核酸阳性。对医院发生的诺如病毒肠炎暴发疫情,经病例对照分析,有3个因素差异有统计学意义,存在有较高的发病机会:年龄≥60岁(χ2=16.57,P=0.00,OR=29.75)、南区病房(χ2=2.37,P=0.12,OR=0.33)、有基础病变者(χ2=15.87,P=0.00,OR=16.10)。结论杭州市存在诺如病毒肠炎暴发疫情,主要侵袭老年患者和低龄学生,及时采取消毒为主的综合控制措施可避免疫情扩散。

Objective To explore epidemiological characteristics of Norovirus enteritis outbreaks in Hangzhou .Methods Field epidemiological investigation was used in this study.Nucleotide of Norovirus was detected by fluorescence PCR .Results Four Norovirus enteritis outbreaks were reported from Dec 2006 to Apr 2007 in Hangzhou.All 85 reported cases occurred in high school,hospital,and welfare institute,with an attack rate of 7.38%.Most cases were elder people with basic diseases and young students.The main symptoms w...