父母教养方式与小学学业不良儿童孤独感的关系

A Study on Relationship between Parental Rearing Style and Loneliness of Children with Learning Disabilities in Primary Schools

目的:探讨父母教养方式与学业不良儿童孤独感的关系,为学业不良儿童孤独感干预提供心理学依据。方法:运用父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)和儿童孤独量表,在北京市四所普通小学四到六年级1276名小学生中筛查出144名学业不良儿童为被试进行团体测查,另外在一般儿童中简单随机抽取227名儿童作为对照组。采用方差分析、相关分析和逐步回归进行统计分析。结果:(1)学业不良儿童父母教养方式在父母"情感温暖"及"惩罚严厉"、"拒绝否认"三个维度得分和一般儿童比较,差别有统计学意义(P<0.01),而孤独感得分显著高于一般儿童(P<0.001);学业不良儿童的孤独感与父母的"情感温暖"呈显著负相关,与父母的"惩罚严厉"、"拒绝否认"呈显著正相关。(2)父母教养方式对学业不良儿童孤独感的影响模式与一般儿童孤独感的影响模式在回归方程中存在差异。对学业不良儿童,母亲的惩罚严厉和父亲的温暖理解是最主要的解释变量。而对一般儿童,母亲的拒绝否认和母亲的温暖理解是最主要的解释变量。结论:学业不良儿童的孤独感与父母教养方式有关,父母应改变其不良的教养方式。对待学业不良子女时,尤其要减少母亲采取严厉的教养方式。

Objective: to analyze the effect of parents rearing styles on loneliness among children with Learning Disabilities(LD) in primary schools,and to provide psychological bases for loneliness intervention of Children with LD.Methods: EMBU and Children s Loneliness Scale are applied separately to investigate parental rearing style and loneliness of 144 children with LD,which will be compared with that of 227 children without leaning disabilities.Data is analyzed by ANOV,correlation and stepwise regression stati...