塔里木河上游典型绿洲农业生态系统的能值动态分析

Dynamic Analysis of Emergy on Agro-ecosystem of Typical Oasis in the Upper Reaches of Tarim River

文章运用能值理论与分析方法,对塔里木河上游典型农业绿洲——阿克苏绿洲1990～2005年间农业生态系统的能值结构进行了研究,并采用净能值产出率、环境负荷率、能值密度、人均能值用量、能值产投比及可持续性指数、系统稳定性指数及优势度指数等重要能值指标对该时期阿克苏绿洲农业生态系统的能值状况作了详细分析。结果表明研究区农业生态系统处于向现代化农业生产模式转化的初始阶段,以劳力、畜力和有机肥等有机辅助能为主的传统农业正逐渐被以农机、化肥等工业辅助能为主的现代农业所替代,农业模式也正从以种植业为主向以种植业、畜牧业为主,林果业、水产业为辅的多样化转化。但该地区农村经济发展依然相对落后,系统生产效率不高,能值利用技术水平较低,系统对于环境的压力较大,可持续性较低。应进一步调整农业产业结构,依靠科学技术,保护环境资源,实现阿克苏绿洲农业生态系统可持续发展。

Based on the theories and methodologies of emergy, the emergy structure in agro-ecosystem in the Upper Reaches of Tarim River from 1990 to 2005 were studied, some indicators of emergy were selected such as net emergy yield ratio, environmental loading ratio, emergy density, emergy per capita, emergy input-output ratio, emergy sustainable indices, stability and dominance indexes of system, and so on, and the dynamics of emergy of the agro-ecosystem in this periods in Aksu Oasis were assessed. The result show...