浅议法家斗争哲学思想

On the Contending Philosophy of Legalist School

在先秦诸子百家中,法家是幸运的,不仅可以著书立说,而且很多人身居显宦,使得法家理论在现实政治中得到了比较彻底地实施。在实践中他们需要权力,需要他人的服从,需要通过不断斗争来巩固权力和改革成果。因此,与其他各家比较,法家更强调斗争性,中国虽然在战乱中获得统一,但是也导致政治斗争的残酷及伦理道德沦失的消极后果。法家思想与中国"大一统"的历史发展趋势相一致,顺应了人民需求,代表了新兴地主的利益和时代前进的方向。因此法家的历史观是"进步"的。这已是很多学者的共识。但是如果仅仅是从法家取得的"成果"去肯定它的"进步"意义,未免标准单一且过于功利。本文就从法家斗争论这个角度去重新思考法家。

Among the various schools of thoughts during the pre-Qin period,Legalist School was lucky,for they could write scholarly books and most of them held top position in imperial court.Legalist theory thus was practiced thoroughly.In the practice they consolidated the power and reform through contending continuously.Though the country was unified after wars,as a negative result,moral decay came.Legalist thought was in accord with the general trend of a great united China s historical development and satisfied ne...