长江流域地貌系统演化趋势与流域开发

CHANGING TENDENCY IN GEOMORPHIC SYSTEM OF THE YANGTZE RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN IN RELATION TO ECONOMIC EXPLOITATION

长江流域地貌系统的演化趋势与流域经济开发密切相关。本文阐述了流域变量间相互关系,以及人类活动影响,流域消能率、河型控制因素与河相关系的一般情况,指出流域中自变量的变化必然导致流域环境的改变,今后几十年到一百年,长江流域将受全球气候变化冲击,人类不适当活动的干扰及地壳沉降累积作用等的迭合影响,流域产沙量会增多,中、下游洪水威胁加剧,航行条件变差,护岸投资达百亿元以上。因此,有必要修订流域规划,当三峡水利枢纽修建和运行时,也必须考虑上述迭合作用影响。

Changing tendency in geomorphic system of the Yangtze River Basin is closely rel-ated to its economic exploitation.In this peper,variables in a basin and their rela-tionships,influence of man's activities,energy dissipation,factors controlling riverpatterns and hydraulic geometry,etc.have been delineated.It is indicated that cha-nges in independent variables of a drainage basin are bound to transform its environ-ment.In near future from next decade to one hundred years afterwards the YangtzeRiver Basin will suffer from an attack of global climate change,disturbance of unsu-itable human activities and accumulational effects of subsidence,especially,as they occ-ur in coincidence,sedimentation will be inceased,flooding disaster becomes more sev-ere,transportation will likely be bad and financial support to repair bank protection wi-ll cost up to more than one million chinese yuans.Therefore,it is necessary to modi-fy the planning of the Yangtze River Basin and to consider the coincedent influenceof such factors mentioned above as the Three-gorge Hydraulic Project proceeds.