浙江中部近海及其邻近海域春季鱼类群落结构及其多样性

The Structure and Diversity Fish Communities in Spring in the Middle Sea Area of Zhejiang Province and Adjacent Region

根据2008年5月(春季)对东海区(27°00′～31°00′N,121°30′～126°30′E)主要渔场重要渔业资源调查资料,分析了浙江中部及其邻近海域的鱼类种类组成、优势度、多样性等群落结构特征。本次调查共捕获鱼类485.5 kg,75 873尾,76种,隶属于14目48科。其中,暖水种(WW)最多,有46种,占总种类数的60.5%;暖温种(WT)次之,有27种,占35.5%;冷温种(CT)最少,仅3种,占4.0%。春季浙江中部及其邻近海域优势种有带鱼、鳄齿鱼、麦氏犀鳕,常见种是六斑刺鲀、七星底灯鱼、小黄鱼、竹荚鱼。通过对带鱼、鳄齿鱼、麦氏犀鳕和小黄鱼的生物量分布特点分析发现,带鱼在28°30′～29°30′N,125°00′E以西海域的生物量最为丰富;鳄齿鱼在29°00′N以南,125°00′E以西海域生物量最为丰富;麦氏犀鳕在28°00′N以南,123°00′E以西的近岸及舟山渔场以南海域生物量最为丰富;小黄鱼在30°00′～31°00′N,125°00′E以东的外海区生物量最为丰富。多样性指数分析表明,种类丰富度指数(D)值在0.20～1.80之间,Shannon-Wiener多样度指数(H′)值在0.05～0.85之间,种类均匀度指数(J′)值在0.01～1.50之间。种类丰富度指数(D)、Shannon-Wiener多样度指数(H′)、种类均匀度指数(J′)三种群落多样性指数与水深、底层水温、底层盐度均呈显著性正相关(P<0.01)。

Studies on the characteristics of fish community structure and diversity are conducted,based on a data from the important fishery resources of main fishing grounds in the region of the East Sea(27°00′-31°00′ N,121°30′-126°30′ E)surveys from May 2008,which analyse the characteristics of fish community structure such as: fish species composition,dominance and diversity.A total catch of 485.5 kg,75 873 individuals,comprising 76 species of fishes is composed of warm-water(60.5%),and warm-temperate(35.5%) and co...