黄土丘陵区不同土地利用方式对土壤含水率的影响

Effects of land use on soil moisture in loess hilly and gully region of China

在干旱半干旱地区,土壤含水率是影响作物生长和植被恢复的重要因子。采用土钻法对黄土丘陵区典型流域不同土地利用方式下土壤含水率进行了比较。结果表明,农田土壤含水率显著较高,这与农田坡度较小及梯田建设有关,还与农作物蒸腾耗水相对较小有关。林地、灌木地和草地土壤含水率相对较低,且相互间无显著差别。黄土丘陵区土壤含水率主要受坡度和土壤稳定入渗速率的影响。但草地土壤含水率还与坡向及年生物量有关。土壤水分分布格局与该区土层深厚, 地下水埋藏较深,土壤水分收入主要受降雨的补给有关。因此,该区农田建设应在坡度较小(<10°)的地形上进行,并优先考虑梯田。坡度较大的地方应以天然灌木和草本群落的保育为主。人工乔灌林只适宜在沟道等水分条件较好的地方种植。

In arid and semiarid region,soil moisture is one of the key factors influencing plant growth.In this paper,the soil moisture in different land use types were investigated by auger in a small watershed in hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau,China.The results showed that soil moisture in croplands was the highest,which was due to gentle slopes,terrace building and lower crop water requirements.The soil moisture in forestlands,shrub lands and grasslands were lower and had no significant difference betw...