有“龙头水库”的河流引水式梯级开发的水温累积影响

Study on Water Temperature Cumulative Effects of Diversion Type Cascade Development

河流引水式梯级开发对水温造成了累积影响,为研究引水式梯级开发对水温的累积影响,采用垂向一维水温模型、增温率法预测各梯级水库的水温分布。通过对预测结果进行分析,得到引水式梯级开发水温累积影响的3个表现形式:1)"龙头水库"运行改变下游河道的水温分布规律,使春季升温推迟,秋季降温推迟,造成了水温延迟现象,由于水电梯级开发,这种延迟现象通过各梯级电站的引水隧洞传递到下游,导致下游梯级电站的延迟现象更加明显;2)厂址处水温与天然情况水温相比趋于平坦化,梯级开发后,从梯级一至梯级五平坦化现象变得更加明显;3)河流水温沿程变化幅度减小。研究结果可为河流水电梯级规划环境影响评价提供科学依据。

To study cumulative effects to water temperature of diversion cascade plant,the water temperature distribution of every cascade plant is predicted using the vertical one-dimensional water temperature model and warming rate.By analyzing the forecasting result,three forms of cumulative effects to water temperature were obtained,namely 1)Operation of first reservoir changed down-stream river water temperature distribution,induces water temperature delay phenomena: In the spring warming up is postponed,In the a...