是“陶片放逐”还是“贝壳流放”?——“Ostracism”释义

Exile by "Potsherd" or "Shell"?—Paraphrase on Ostracism

"Ostracism"是公元前5世纪古代雅典一项重要的政治制度。但是这一制度的中文译名却不尽相同,有的称之为"陶片放逐",有的称之为"贝壳流放"。通过辨析"Ostracism"的物质载体"Ostrakon"的含义,无论是从语义方面还是从考古证据来说,"陶片放逐"的译法均比"贝壳流放"更加合理。中文译名之所以发生分歧,是因为客观资料的限制和苏联史学译作的影响。

Ostracism is an important political constitution in Ancient Athens at 5th Century B.C. The Chinese translation on Ostracism has many variants. Some scholars believed that it s "Exile by potsherd",and others prefer "Exile by shell". By differentiating and analyzing the meaning of "ostrakon" (material for ostracism),whether from semantics or archaeology,the translation "Exile by potsherd" is more reasoned than "Exile by shell".The reason for the variance of Chinese translation is due to limit of sources and i...