近50年岱海生态与环境变化分析

Changes in the Ecological Environment in the Daihai Lake Basin Over the Last 50 Years

岱海是我国北方地区的一个内陆湖,历史时期受构造运动和气候变化的影响,湖泊经历多次扩张和收缩,最大水域面积曾达到760 km2。近50年来,随着全球气候变暖及湖区农业活动的加强,岱海的补给水量急剧减少,自20世纪70年代以来,岱海水位持续下降,且下降速度呈现出明显的加快趋势;与此同时,湖水的矿化度不断升高,咸化现象已十分明显;受农业活动和城镇生活的影响,岱海水体的富营养问题也日益突出;其原始的自然环境发生了巨大变化。通过对各影响因素进行分析,结果表明,近50年来岱海环境恶化主要是由人类对流域水土资源的过度开发利用和对污废水的不合理排放造成的,气候变化只是起到了加速强化的作用。

Daihai Lake is a typical inland lake in north China.The water area of Daihai Lake has expanded and contracted many times due to tectonic movement and climate change,with the largest water area being 760 km2.The water level of the lake has been continuously decreasing since the 1970s in response to global warming,increased farming activities in the region and a sharp reduction in the total recharge of the Daihai Lake.This decreasing trend has obviously accelerated over the last 50 years.Moreover,the salinity...