施氮对圆叶决明生物固氮及氮肥利用效率的影响

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization on the Biological N-fixation and N Utilization Efficiency of Chamaecrista rotundifolia

采用15N同位素示踪方法,对不同施氮水平下的圆叶决明生物固氮水平,氮肥的分配、氮素来源,以及氮肥的利用率、土壤残留、挥发损失进行研究。结果表明:圆叶决明生物固氮百分率随着施氮水平的增加呈先升高后下降的趋势,并在N2(30mg/kg)水平下达到最高,为29.50%,之后逐渐下降,且各处理间差异极显著。随着施氮量的增加圆叶决明对肥料氮的吸收增加,而对土壤氮的吸收降低。在较低(N2)施氮水平下,圆叶决明所需的氮主要来自土壤氮(56.17%)和生物固氮(29.50%);较高(N4)施氮条件下圆叶决明所需的氮主要由肥料氮(43.46%)和土壤氮(45.49%)提供。随着施氮水平的提高,圆叶决明氮肥利用率也逐渐降低,而氮素残留率逐渐升高。就氮肥损失率而言,N1(15mg/kg)、N2(30mg/kg)和N3(45mg/kg)处理间的差异不显著,N4(60mg/kg)处理损失率最小。

Isotope 15N was used to analyse the biological nitrogen (N)-fixation rate and N distribution in the plant, the plant N source, N utilization efficiency, soil N residue, and N volatilization loss under different N fertilizer levels. The biological N-fixation rate of Chamaecrista rotundifolia showed a trend of increasing and then decreas- ing, climbing to the peak of 29.50% at the N2 level (30 mg/kg) and then gradually decreasing, had a highly sig- nificant difference between the treatments. At a certain N le...