亚临界水提取技术在有效利用食品副产物中的应用

The application of undercritical fluid extract technology in food scraps extraction

当水在374.2℃和22.1MPa(约218个大气压)以上的高温、高压条件下,可形成既非液体又非气体第四状态,即所谓"超临界状态"。在此状态下的水称为"超临界水"。在稍微低于此温度和压力下的水称为"亚临界水"。超临界和亚临界水都具有强烈溶解有机物和强烈分解能力等特性,利用此特性来提取有机物和有用成分,包括提取随分解反应产生的分解物是很有意义的。为高效率提取有关动、植物原料的有效成分和低分子化成分提供了酸碱法提取法达不到的新方法。新方法解决了诸如麦杆、豆腐渣和树叶等各种废弃物利用的难题,其意义重大。

when water is above its thermodynamic critical point and pressure which is 374.2℃ and 22.1Mpa(about 218 atmospheric pressure),it will form the forth status neither as liquid nor gas which is called supercritical fluid state.When water temperature and pressure were lightly below the supercritical status,it is called "undercritical water".Both supercritical or undercritical water has the characters of strong dissolving and hydrolysis ability.This brings a promising method in increasing the yield of extracting...