基于OpenAL的三维音效技术的研究

Research on 3D Sound Effect Based on OpenAL

三维音效是一组声音效果的集合,用来加强由扬声器或耳机等声音输出设备所产生的立体感,或使听众产生一种错觉,即声音来自于三维空间的各个方位,包括听众的前后左右及上方、下方.在虚拟环境中,使用3D音效模拟音源的位置与运动,以物理运动学、物理声学、人的生理声学、心理声学等的研究成果为理论基础,以数字信号分析、处理、合成为实现手段,以耳机或扬声器为输出工具,实时合成能反映等效三维真实空间中运动物体特性的音频信号.讨论了三维音效的关键技术,包括声音的定位、头相关传输函数,以及相关的编程工具OpenAL的特性,并与DirectX DirectSound进行比较,最后给出一个OpenAL的实例.

3D sound is a group of sound effects which can enhance the stereo image generated by loudspeaker or headphones,or make an illusion that the sound resource can be placed in anywhere in the 3D space,including behind,above and below the listener.In virtual environment,the place and movements of sound resource are simulated with 3D audio effects,based on the theories of physical kinematics,physicalacoustics,physiologicalacoustics and psychological acoustics,by means of digital signal analysis,processing,and syn...