美国经济遏制战略与高新技术转让限制

The American Economic Containment Strategy and the High Technology Transfer Restrictions

50— 60年代 ,美国经济遏制战略是以禁运战略物资为主 ,从 70年代开始 ,转向以限制高新技术转让为主 ;1 979年《出口管制法》标志着这种转变的完成。在“缓和时代” ,美国经济遏制战略追求的目标是 ,以有限发展东西方贸易换取苏联的政治让步。在“新冷战”时期 ,美国经济遏制战略将打击对象从中国重新转向苏联 ,更重要的是将高新技术转让限制作为迫使苏联“改变国内政治”

The American economic containment strategy of the 1950 60s stressed, in the main, embargo on exports of strategic materials. During the 1970s, however, the stress was shifted to imposing restrictions on the transfer of high technology, the completion of the shift being marked by the ECA of 1979. During the Detente, the aim of the strategy was to bargain for Soviet political concessions with limited development of East West trade. During the period of New Cold War, the goal of American economic containm...