长江上游的生态环境问题、根源及其治理方略

Ecological Reconstruction in The Upper Reaches of The Yangtze River: Environmental Problems, Degraded Mechanism and Rehabiltation Methodolgy

长江上游地区面临着自然生态系统退化严重 ,农耕地衰退严重 ,水土流失加剧 ,水资源和水环境形势严峻 ,地质灾害频繁等重大环境问题。上游山地生态系统的退化是系统自身的脆弱和不稳定性与外在的人为干扰综合作用的结果。系统本身的脆弱和不稳定性是退化的内因 ,人为干扰则是其退化发生的驱动力。科技为先导 ,生态经济协调发展是关键 ,社会与群众参与是基础是治理的根本原则。治理必须首先进行山地生态系统治理的景观工程设计和生态经济功能分区 ,然后分区分段同时治理和调控管理 ,形成综合的生态系统工程。

Some important environmental problems were existed in the upper research of the Yangtze River as follows: destroyed seriously natural ecosystem, declining swiftly agricultural systems, soil and water loss decreasing sharply, water resourece and water environment declining, and natural disasters happening frequently. Those problems could be ascribed to the comprehensive interaction between systematical fragility and instability and authoropogenic disturbance regime. It is irrational human activity forcing fr...