假单胞菌引起罗氏沼虾黄鳃、黑鳃病的研究

Studied on Yellow and Black Gills of Macrobrachium rosenbergii Caused by Pseudoonas

对高密度养殖条件下患细菌病的罗氏沼虾 (Macrobrachiumrosenbergii)作了初步研究 ,病虾症状为 :食欲下降 ,黄鳃或黑鳃、断须、断腿 ,有的甲壳上有黄色或黑色的斑块 ,取上述典型症状的病虾鳃部和肝胰腺组织进行细菌分离、纯化和保种 ,经鉴定 ,该病原菌为恶臭假单胞菌和铜绿假单胞菌 .将分离菌进行回接感染 ,发现有很强的致病作用 ,且产生与自然发病相似的症状 ,从再感染的病虾体内分离的细菌经鉴定也为恶臭假单胞菌 (P putida)和铜绿假单胞菌(P aeruginosa) ,由此可认为它们是此次发病的病原菌 .药敏实验发现 ,铜绿假单胞菌对环丙沙星、氟哌酸氯和庆大霉素的敏感性较强 :恶臭假单胞菌对庆大霉素 ,环丙沙星、卡那霉素、强力霉素和新生霉素较为敏感 .

This paper deals with characteristics of pathoenic bacteria that are found in this intensive cultured Macrobrachium rosenbergii. The symptoms of infected shrimps are anorexia, yellow or black gills,leg broken and there are yellow or black spot on the shell of some prawns.The which bacteriological identification shows the isolated bacteria are Pseudomonas aeruginosa and P putida .The pathogenicity of separated bacteria and the same infected symptoms are found after the separated bacteria infected prawns. Also the bacteria are separated and purified from the re infected prawns.The re isolated badteria are also Pseudomona aeruginosa and P putida from which we can identify the bacteria are pathogen. The sensitivity to several antibiotic and medicines is also studied.