棉花远缘杂交新类型品种冀棉20号的选育

Selection of the Distant Hybrid Cotton Jimian 20

选用具有丰富遗传基础的海、陆、野姊妹系杂交后代 596为母本 ,早熟丰产品系 79- 366为父本 ,通过杂交输入远缘种质 ,改变遗传背景结合南繁加代 ,连年自交于 1990年选育出了具有早熟、高产、稳产、优质、多抗 (抗病、抗旱、抗棉铃虫、烂铃轻 )易管理诸优良性状在较高的水平上协调统一融为一体的优系 4 92 ,该系 1992～ 1993年参加了河北省区域试验和省区试生产试验。霜前皮棉每hm2 产量分别较对照中棉 12号增产 1 76%和 1 0 9%均居首位 ,为我国第一个通过海、陆。

Using the hybridization progeny line 596 with rich genetic background of island cotton,upland cotton and wild species as female,early-maturity and high yield line 79-366 as male by the means of transfering in distant germplasm,modifying the genetic background,successive selfcrossing and speeding up generation,the new line 492 was obtained in 1990.The 492 is a high quality cotton line because many good characteristies,which include early-maturity,high and stable yield,high fibre quality,multiresistance(diease,drought,bollworn and boll-rotten resistance)and easy management.are co-ordinated at high level.In 1992-1993,in the Hebei Regional Tests and Regional Production Tests of cotton varieties,the lint yield of 492 increased by 1.76% and 1.09% compared to that of Zhongmian 20 (ck) and ranked the top in yield among the tested lines.As the first variety bred through distant crossing among upland,island and wild cotton species.