200例糖尿病患者足溃疡预测结果分析

Analysis of the predict findings on the risk of foot ulcers with diabetes mellitus in 200 cases

目的 :动态观察、评估糖尿病患者发生足溃疡的危险性 ,为适时采取护理干预措施提供依据。 方法 :采用Gavin“糖尿病患者足溃疡危险因素加权积分表”,对 2 0 0例住院糖尿病患者分 A、B、C、D四组进行预测评分 ,隔天一次 ,直至出院 ,并随访 1 2～ 1 5个月 ,动态评估有糖尿病并发症者、糖尿病足者、糖尿病足溃疡者和无问题足者发生足溃疡的危险性及其发生率 ,同时观察采取干预措施前后的效果。 结果 :2 0 0例中筛查出发生足溃疡低危者 5 1例 ,中危者 1 1 9例 ,高危者 1 8例 ,无危者 1 2例。采取干预措施前已有 1 1例发生足溃疡 ,发生率为 5 .85 %。采取措施后 9例痊愈 ,随访一年中有 1例复发 ,2例发生新溃疡 ,发生率为 1 .5 8% ,明显低于采取措施前的发生率 (P<0 .0 0 5 )。 结论 :对已有并发症的糖尿病患者采取干预措施是延缓足溃疡发生、发展的有效手段。干预措施越早越好 ,从低危者即要开始采取预防教育和预防措施 ,对中危以上者要加大健康教育力度 。

Objectives: To assess and observe the risk of foot ulcers with diabetic patients. Methods: In this study,200 patients with diabetes mellitus were divided into four groups: A, B, C and D. These patients were predicted the risk of foot ulcers by Gavin's Scale during hospitalization, and were observed for 12～15 months after discharge. The effects of prevention and control were compared. Results: In 200 patients, 51, 119 and 18 cases were in the low-risk, moderate-risk and high-risk for foot ulcers respectively. The rate of foot ulcers was decreased from 5.85% to 1.58% after prevention and control. Nine of 11 patients with foot ulcers healed, and 1 patient reproduced, 2 cases had new foot ulcers during the one-year period of follow-up. Conclusions: Preventive interventions were effective to control foot ulcers for the diabetic patients with complications.The earlier prevention, the better effect.