同体儿童血、发铅浓度及同位素比值研究

Comparison of lead concentration and isotope ratios in children's blood and hair

目的探讨儿童血、发铅同位素比值的指纹特征,为寻找人体可蓄积性铅源做数据积累。方法随机抽取北京城市和农村儿童各14名,男女各半,用ICP-MS测定其血样及发样的铅浓度及同位素比值。结果城市和农村儿童的血铅同位素比值不同,而发铅同位素比值则无显著性差异;发铅同位素比值与血铅同位素比值有显著性差异,即同体血、发铅指纹存在差异现象。结论北京市城乡两地的血铅污染程度近似,但铅源不完全相同;人体不同组织器官对不同铅同位素可能具有选择性蓄积。

Objective To explore the characters of lead isotope ratios in children blood and hair, in order to obtain new data of the cumulated lead sources of human body.Methods 28 children in Beijing area were randomly sampled to take blood and hair with a 1∶1 sex ratio, half of them from the city and the others from the village. The lead concentrations and isotope ratios in the samples were then determined by ICP-MS.Results Lead isotope ratios in blood had significant differences between the children living in the city and those in the village, while no lead isotope ratio differences in hair could be found between the children living in the two area. The lead isotope ratios in children blood were significantly different from those in children hair in both area, in the other words, the lead fingerprints were different between blood and hair.Conclusion (1)The concentrations of lead pollution of children were resemble between the city and village in Beijing, but the lead sources in the city and village might be different from each other. (2) Organs or tissues in human body might have its own mechanism to accumulate the lead isotopes. (3) It was necessary to study if the lead in hair could be used as a biomarker of lead source.