俄汉民族时间隐喻认知结构模式研究

A Comparative Study on Time Metaphor in Chinese and Russian

俄汉民族的时间隐喻都是通过"金钱、空间、实体"来建构的,但二者之间也存在不同:第一,汉语多采用时间在动的方式,而俄语多使用自我在动的方式;第二,汉语时间隐喻有"上""下"纵向维度,而俄语只有"下";第三,汉民族认为"近"为过去,"远"为将来,俄民族则反之;第四,汉语中时间物化的例子比俄语中多,说明汉民族在思维方式上重具体,轻抽象,俄罗斯民族则相反。

In Russian and Chinese,the concept of time metaphor is constructed by money,space and entity.But there is some difference between them.Firstly,Chinese often adopts the way of moving time while Russian tends to accept that of moving-ego perspective.Secondly,in Chinese,time metaphor involves the vertical dimension: 'up' and 'down',while in Russian only 'down'.Thirdly,in Chinese 'recentness' is regarded as 'past','farness' as 'future' while in Russian just the opposite.Lastly,there are more instances of materialized time in Chinese than in Russian,which illustrates that Chinese people put more stress on concreteness in thinking while Russian people on abstractness.