1[2]Rudolph Arnheim,Visual Thinking (Berkeley:University of California Press,1969),254.
2[3]Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi and Rick E.Robinson,The Art of Seeing:An Interpretation of the Aesthetic Encounter (Malibu:The J.Paul Getty Trust,1990).
3[4]Patricial A.Alexander,Diane L.Schallert,and Victoria C.Hare,"Coming to Terms:How Researchers in Learning and Literacy Talk about Knowledge," Review of Educational Research,61,no.3 (1991):317.
