基于高分辨率影像的景观格局定量分析

A QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE LANDSCAPE PATTERN BASED ON HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGES

以2.5 m SPOT融合数据为基础,采用面向对象的自动分类技术,获取了密云水库上游地区1∶10 000比例尺土地利用分类图,并利用FRAGSTATS软件定量分析了研究区的景观格局特征。研究表明:林、灌、草等植被类型占据了研究区的85%以上面积,而且破碎化程度较低、结构完整,对研究区水源涵养有利;耕地、建设用地、未利用地等类型所占比例虽小,却是造成整体景观类型分散、破碎化程度高的主要原因,因此,在保护植被的同时,应加紧对这些类型的治理与管理。

The analysis of landscape patterns of large areas based on high resolution satellite images will acquire further information for decision-making.In this paper,the object-oriented approach is introduced into SPOT5 image classification and,with this technique,a 1∶10000 land use map of the upper reaches of the Miyun Reservoir was obtained.Then the landscape spatial pattern was analyzed quantitatively using the program of FRAGSTATS.The results show that forest,shrub and grass cover more than 85% of the whole study area and,moreover,these main landscape types are characterized by lower fragmentation and integrated structure which are beneficial to water resource conservation.Though farmland,construction land and unutilized land only account for a small proportion,they constitute the most important causes for the high fragmentation of the whole landscape.The improvement and management of these types should be strengthened during the process of protecting vegetations.