华北平原地下水中有机物淋溶迁移性及其污染风险评价

Leachability and pollution risk assessment of organic contaminants in groundwater in the North China Plain

根据有机污染物的物理化学性质,估算了91种有机物在土壤中的半衰期和有机碳吸附系数,并分析了这些有机物在土壤中的淋溶迁移性。结果表明:对于所研究的污染物,它们的地下水污染指数与其有机碳吸附系数有着很好的负相关性,这为评价地下水中主要有机污染物的污染指数(淋溶迁移性)提供了简易方法。所评价的91种有机物中,38种具有高淋溶和迁移性,易对含水层造成较大范围的污染。通过分析发现,华北平原区域地下水中主要有机物的检出率与其淋溶迁移性有着一定的相关性。因此,地下水污染指数法的应用将有助于预测有机物对地下水的污染风险。

The half-life of 91 kinds of organic contaminants in soil and organic carbon sorption coefficient (Koc) in groundwater in the North China Plain were calculated based on their physicochemical properties. According to the calculation results, the leachability of these organic contaminants was analyzed. The results show that there is a negative correlation between the groundwater ubiquity score (GUS) and Koc for these chemicals. Among the 91 organic contaminants 38 have high leachability and can be easily transported in groundwater. The further statistic analyses show that the organic contaminants with high leachability can be detected easily. It is concluded that the groundwater ubiquity score is very helpful in the risk assessment of organic contaminants.