助产士职业暴露调查分析及防护对策

The occupational exposure and protective countermeasures of midwives

目的调查助产士职业暴露情况及相关因素,以寻求降低助产士职业感染危险性的有效方法。方法采用问卷调查法,调查52名助产士在1年内发生职业暴露的原因、环节、发生率及与护龄的关系。结果助产士职业暴露几率为100%,且发生率与护龄有关(P<0.01),最常见的为血液、羊水污染及针刺伤,针刺伤常见环节是会阴缝合。常见原因有工作量大、心理压力超负荷、技术不熟练、违反操作规程等。结论助产士发生职业暴露情况严峻,加强防范教育,降低压力源,规范操作行为,熟练操作技术,强化暴露处理流程,做好暴露人群的心理疏导,是防范职业暴露的重要环节。

Objective To investigate midwives occupational exposure and related factorsin order to reduce the risk of occupational infection midwives effective methods.Methods Questionnaire survey method was used to investigate the reasons for occupational exposure,links the incidence and the relationship between age and Baltimore the 52 midwives happen in one year.Results Occupational exposure probability of Midwives was 100% and the probability was related with length of service (P<0.01).The most conventional was blood,amniotic fluid pollution, and needle stick injury which happened during perineal suture. Common causes was heavy workload,psychological pressure on super-negative,unskilled and in violation of the operation behavior.Conclusion Occupational exposure of midwives is severe. Strengthening the preventive education,reducing the pressure source,Standardizing the operation behavior,familiar with the operation of technology,strengthening the flow exposure treatment,doing a good job in exposing the psychological crowd,prevention of occupational exposure are an important link.