某县城原发性高血压患者健康教育效果分析

Effectiveness analysis of health education on hypertensive patients in a county

目的研究社区健康教育在改善原发性高血压患者膳食结构、生活方式、血压水平中的作用。方法对124例原发性高血压患者进行为期1年的健康教育,比较健康教育前后患者在膳食结构、生活方式、血压水平的变化。结果原发性高血压患者健康教育后粗粮、乳类、豆制品、鱼禽类和蔬菜水果的摄入量增加(P<0.05),畜肉、细粮、烹调油、食盐、酒精的摄入则相应减少(P<0.05)。健康教育使高血压患者不吸或少吸烟率由69%提高到90%,生活规律率由60%提高到90%,限制饮酒率由60%提高到88%,情绪稳定率由55%提高到85%,膳食结构合理率由20%提高到75%,坚持适量运动率由48%提高到85%,且差异均有显著性(P<0.001)。健康教育后收缩压和舒张压均较健康教育前明显下降(P<0.001)。结论健康教育可有效改善原发性高血压患者膳食结构、生活方式、血压水平,对原发性高血压的防治有非常积极的作用,且投入少,效率高,值得在基层推广。

Objective To study the effective of community health education on improving the dietarypattern in hypertensive patients,lifestyle,the role of blood pressure levels.Methods 124 cases of hypertensive were given for one year of health education and the dietary pattern,lifestyle and blood pressure changes were record before and after the patients.Results The hypertensive patients after the health education of coarse grains,dairy,soy products, fish,poultry and fruits and vegetables intake increased(P<0.05).Meat,flour and rice,cooking oil,salt,alcohol intake decreased(P<0.05).Health education so that patients with hypertension do not smoke or less smoking rate from 69% to 90%,living the law of the rate from 60% to 90%,limiting alcohol consumption rate from 60% to 88%,emotional stability rates improve from 55% to 85%,diet and reasonable rate from 20% to 75%,adhering to regular exercise rate from 48% to 85%,and the differences were significant (P<0.001).Health education than those of systolic and dias- tolic blood pressure after the health education decreased (P<0.001).Conclusion Health education can effectively improve the dietary pattern in hypertensive patients,lifestyle,blood pressure levels,control of hypertension with smaller spend,high efficiency. And it is worthy of promotion at the grassroots level.