工业污染对农业土壤重金属富集的初步研究

Effect of Industrial Pollution on Concentration of Heavy Metals in Farmland Soils

为将来无公害农业基地的优选和建设提供科学依据,对黔南州农业土壤的重金属进行抽样调查结果表明:瓮安县土壤中重金属含量及富集系数均较高,三都县土壤中Hg和龙里县土壤中Cd含量及富集系数较高。蔬菜土中Pb和Hg的富集较水稻土严重,Cd富集相对较小。在垂直剖面上,耕作层Cd相对富集,母质层Hg相对富集。Cd元素是全州土壤的重点污染元素,富集程度相对最高。初步分析说明,土壤中重金属富集与工业污染及磷肥、复合肥施用有较大的相关关系。

The sampling survey of different heavy metal contents in farmland soils was carried out to provide a scientific basis for selecting agricultural bases without pollution in Qiannan prefecture.The results showed that the contents of different heavy metals and their concentration coefficients are higher in Weng'an county,the Hg content and its concentration coefficient are higher in Sandu County and the Cd content and its concentration coefficient are higher in Longli County.The concentration coefficients of Pb and Hg in vegetable soils are higher than in rice paddy soils and the concentration coefficient of Cd in rice paddy soils is higher than in vegetable soils.Cd is relatively concentrated in the arable layer and Hg is relatively concentrated in parent material layer.Cd is a main pollution element in farmland soils of Qiannan prefecture and its concentration degree is relatively high.The paper points out that there is a correlation between heavy metal concentration in soils and industrial pollution,phosphorus and complex fertilizer application.