陆面气温资料的一种推广三维变分同化方法及其在简化情形的检验

A Generalized Approach of Three-dimensional Variational Data Assimilation for Land Surface Air Temperature and Its Tests under Simplification Cases

发展了一种同化窗口为1个月的陆面气温推广三维变分资料同化方法,并建立了逐日资料到月平均资料的观测算子。作为对该同化方法的初步检验,以2000年1月中国陆地区域时间分辨率低、空间分辨率较高且在高原地区与台站观测资料比较接近的CRU(Climate Research Unit)月平均陆面气温资料作为观测,以时间分辨率高、空间分辨率较低且在高原地区与台站资料有较大误差的NCEP逐日气温资料作为背景场,采用背景误差协方差矩阵(简称B矩阵)的两种简化对角形式进行同化试验,得到高时空分辨率的格点陆面气温分析场,并进行对比分析和均方根误差检验。结果显示,由两种简化形式得到的逐日资料和月平均资料的质量均得到改善,在我国东南和中部大部分地区与台站观测基本一致,在青藏高原、新疆等台站稀疏地区与地形对应良好,为M-SDGVM模型或其他陆面过程模式高质量陆面气象驱动场的准备提供了一种新的手段。尤其在B矩阵中考虑了方差逐日变化的简化形式所得到的分析场整体上要优于不考虑的,这为最终在B矩阵中考虑协方差(即对推广三维变分同化不作简化)进一步改进同化效果打下了基础。

A generalized approach of three-dimensional variational data assimilation (G-3DVar) with 1-month assimilation window for land surface air temperature data was developed. As preliminary tests on this approach, two simplified forms of background error covariance matrix (B matrix for short) were applied to generate a high space-time resolution grid analysis field of land surface air temperature in January 2000 in China through incorporating the CRU monthly mean data into the NCEP daily reanalysis data based on...