英国工业革命以来低收入阶层的生存状况

The Living Condition of Low-income Class in the UK since Industrial Revolution

英国在18世纪中叶进入工业革命时期后,社会经济快速发展,但是社会收入分配不均的情况不断恶化,城市病问题突出。虽然到19世纪下半叶,低收入阶层的物质生活有所改善,但直到20世纪初期,社会低收入阶层的物质和精神生活问题也没有得到彻底解决。二战后,政府采取了相应的政策措施,建立社会保障体系,推行保险制度,从制度层面保障低收入者的基本生活,解决了经济发展的顽疾,这对我国解决城乡低收入阶层的生存问题,建立一个可持续发展的社会,有一定的借鉴意义。

The UK entered Industrial Revolution in the mid 18th century and witnessed both rapid social and economic development and the worsen situation of uneven distribution of social income as well as serious urban disease.Though the lives of low-income class got improved in the late 19th century,the problems in their material and spiritual life were not resolved completely even in the early 20th century.After World War II,the government took certain measures to establish social security system,promote insurance system,which guarantee the low-incomers' survival and welfare with the support of system and policy,thus moved the most difficult barrier in economic development.China can use it as a reference in solving the problems in the low-incomers' lives in our country to establish a society with sustainable development.